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PDB dan pertumbuhan

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GDP measures the monetary value of final goods and services produced in a country in a given period (IMF). Counting only final goods avoids double counting.

  • Expenditure approach: household consumption + business investment + government purchases + net exports.
  • Real GDP adjusts nominal GDP for price changes – e.g. +5% nominal with +3% prices ≈ +2% real.
  • US GDP (BEA) is quarterly: an advance estimate about four weeks after the quarter, then second and third estimates; early numbers use partial data and get revised. US figures are usually quoted at an annual rate.
  • Look at the trend over several quarters and the components, not one print.

Cek cepat

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  1. 1.Nominal GDP grew 5% and prices rose 3%. Roughly what was real growth?

  2. 2.When is the US advance GDP estimate released?

  3. 3.Why does the market sometimes react calmly to GDP?

Sumber

Setiap fakta dalam pelajaran ini didukung oleh sumber di bawah.

  1. 1.IMF Finance & Development – Back to Basics: Gross Domestic ProductGDP = monetary value of final goods and services produced in a country in a period; expenditure approach; nominal vs real (adjusting for price changes)
  2. 2.U.S. BEA – Revising economic indicators: here's why the numbers can changeAdvance estimate roughly 4 weeks after the quarter; second and third estimates add more complete data; early estimates are based on partial data and revised
  3. 3.U.S. BEA – GDP news release (advance estimate, annual rate)US real GDP is reported at an annual rate; advance estimate based on incomplete source data

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