第 2 课 / 共 10 课4:005 出处
央行与利率：第一驱动力
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教育内容，不构成投资建议。Nour 讲解市场如何运作，从不告诉你该买什么或卖什么。
本课的完整中文翻译即将上线，你现在看到的是英文版。
Central banks use the policy interest rate to keep prices stable. The Fed has a dual mandate (maximum employment and stable prices) and judges 2% inflation over the longer run as most consistent with it; the ECB aims for 2% over the medium term and the Bank of England has a 2% target.
- Interest-rate differentials are a key driver of exchange rates.
- The FOMC holds eight scheduled meetings a year; statements, press conferences and forward guidance can move markets more than the decision itself.
- Hawk = leans to tighter policy; dove = leans to easier policy. Every currency pair has two central banks.
快速自测
三道题。选一个答案，查看原因。
1.How many regularly scheduled meetings does the FOMC hold each year?
2.USD rates are 4% and EUR rates 2% (example). If the gap widens in the dollar's favour, what may happen?
3.The Fed holds rates as expected but signals cuts may come soon. This signal is called…
出处
本课中的每个事实都有以下出处支撑。
- 1.Federal Reserve – What is the FOMC and when does it meet?The FOMC is the Fed's monetary policymaking body, has 12 members and holds eight regularly scheduled meetings per year (about every six weeks)
- 2.Federal Reserve – Governor Cook speech, 25 March 2024 (dual mandate, 2% goal)The Fed's mandate is maximum employment and stable prices (dual mandate); 2% inflation over the longer run is judged most consistent with it
- 3.ECB – Monetary policy strategyECB aims for 2% inflation over the medium term; the target is symmetric
- 4.Bank of England – Monetary Policy Report, August 2025The MPC sets monetary policy to meet the 2% inflation target
- 5.Reserve Bank of Australia – Drivers of the Australian Dollar Exchange RateThe interest-rate differential is a key driver of demand for a currency; lower domestic rates contribute to a lower exchange rate
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